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Baltimore Orioles Team Formation
Plans to put a team in New York City were blocked by the NL’s New York Giants, who had enough political power in New York City to prevent the AL from establishing a team. Instead, a team was put in Baltimore, Maryland, a city which the NL abandoned when it contracted from 12 to 8 teams in 1900.
Nicknamed the Orioles, the team began playing in 1901, and were managed and owned in part by John McGraw. During the 1902 season, McGraw feuded with Johnson, and secretly jumped to the Giants. In the middle of the season, the Giants, aided and abetted by McGraw, gained controlling interest of the Orioles and began raiding it for players, until the AL stepped in and took control of the team. In January 1903, a “peace conference” was held between the two leagues to settle disputes and try to coexist. At the conference, Johnson requested that an AL team be put in New York, to play alongside the NL’s Giants. It was put to a vote, and 15 of the 16 Major League owners agreed on it, with only John T. Brush of the Giants opposing. The Orioles’ new owners, Frank J. Farrell and William S. Devery, found a ballpark location not blocked by the Giants, and Baltimore’s team moved to New York.
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Relocate to New York
The AL and NL signed an agreement after the 1902 season that ended the leagues’ battles for players, which had led to increasing salaries. Johnson sought the right to locate an AL team in New York City, which was granted as part of the leagues’ peace agreement. His intention was for the team to play in Manhattan, but the idea was opposed by Giants owner John T. Brush and former owner Andrew Freedman, who were connected to the city’s Tammany Hall political organization. They blocked several potential stadium locations, before a pair of Tammany Hall politicians, Frank J. Farrell and William Stephen Devery, purchased the New York franchise in the AL. The pair paid US$18,000 for the team. It is not clear whether Farrell and Devery purchased the remains of the Orioles and moved them to New York, or if they received an expansion franchise. It was the last change in the lineup of MLB teams for half a century.
At the end of the 1900 baseball season, the Western League was positioned by its president, Ban Johnson, as a new major league that would compete with the established National League (NL). The league was reorganized and renamed the American League (AL), and eight cities fielded teams in the 1901 season. A Baltimore team had played in the NL through the 1899 season, after which the club was shut down by the league. Baltimore was one of three former NL cities where the AL placed teams in an effort to reach underserved fans. The new Orioles’ first manager was John McGraw, who had held the same position for the previous Baltimore team in 1899; McGraw also held an ownership stake.
Established
1901
City
Baltimore – New York
League History
2000 – Present / Major League Baseball
1901 – 1999 / American League
Team History
1913 – Present / New York Yankees
1903 – 1912 / New York Highlanders
1901 – 1902 / Baltimore Orioles
Nickname
Orioles – The team’s nickname is taken from the Baltimore Oriole, a small blackbird of the passerine family. The Baltimore Oriole is also the state bird of Maryland.
Championship
World Series 0
2009, 2000, 1999, 1998, 1996, 1978, 1977, 1962, 1961, 1958, 1956, 1953, 1952, 1951, 1950, 1949, 1947, 1943, 1941, 1939, 1938, 1937, 1936, 1932, 1928, 1927, 1923
Stadium
2009 – Present / Yankee Stadium II
1976 – 2008 / Yankee Stadium I
1974 – 1975 / Shea Stadium
1923 – 1973 / Yankee Stadium I
1920 – 1922 / Polo Grounds IV
1913 – 1919 / Brush Stadium
1903 – 1912 / Hilltop Park
*Baltimore*
1901 – 1902 / Oriole Park
Owner
2004 – Present / Yankee Global Enterprises LLC
1999 – 2004 / YankeeNets
1973 – 2010 / George Steinbrenner
1964 – 1973 / Columbia Broadcasting System
1945 – 1964 / Del Webb, Dan Topping
1939 – 1945 / Heirs of Jacob Ruppert
1922 – 1939 / Jacob Ruppert
1915 – 1922 / Tillinghast L’Hommedieu Huston and Jacob Ruppert
1903 – 1915 / William Devery and Frank Farrell
1901 – 1902 / Unknown Owners
Retired Number
1 Billy Martin
2 Derek Jeter
3 Babe Ruth
4 Lou Gehrig
5 Joe DiMaggio
6 Joe Torre
7 Mickey Mantle
8 Bill Dickey
8 Yogi Berra
9 Roger Maris
10 Phil Rizzuto
15 Thurman Munson
16 Whitey Ford
20 Jorge Posada
23 Don Mattingly
32 Elston Howard
37 Casey Stengel
42 Jackie Robinson
42 Mariano Rivera
44 Reggie Jackson
46 Andy Pettitte
49 Ron Guidry
51 Bernie Williams
*Blue is this team’s history
